介词with用法详解

是一个十分有用的介词，其用法也比较复杂，以下用法值得注意：1.表示方式、手段或工具等时（=以，用犬匮渝扮），注意不要受汉语意啥高友岛思的影响而用错搭配，如“用英语”习惯上用in English，而不是with English。2.与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词。如：with care=carefully认真地with kindness=kindly亲切地with joy=joyfully高兴地with anger=angrily生气地with sorrow=sorrowfully悲伤地with ease=easily容易地with delight=delightedly高兴地with great fluency =very fluently很流利地3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如：With more money I would be able to buy it.要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner.要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。4.比较with和as：两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后接名词或代词；后者是连词，用于引导一个句子。比较：He will improve as he grows older.随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。People’s ideas change with the change of the times.时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。5.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等。如：(1) with+宾语+形容词He often sleeps with the windows open.他常开着窗睡觉。Don’t speak with your mouth full.不要满嘴巴食物说话。(2) with+宾语+副词He stood before his teacher with his head down.他低着头站在老师面前。He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.他和衣躺在床上。(3) with +宾语+介词短语She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。The man was asleep with his head on his arms.这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了。(4) with+宾语+现在分词He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了。I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假。(5) with +宾语+过去分词He sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿。All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。(6) with +宾语+动词不定式I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe.有这样的好干部执行党的政策,我们感到放心。(7) with +宾语+名词He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。